Ukuqala nokuqhuba inkampani engenzi nzuzo kunokuba yinto eyanelisayo kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba umniniyo ufumana ugqozi kwiingcinga ezinkulu kunye nomdla wokwenza umahluko. Nangona kunjalo, nangona umbono unokuba nomtsalane, ukufumana inkampani engenzi nzuzo kudinga ixesha nomgudu.
Ukuze ube ngumnini, kufuneka uqokelele amaphepha kunye namaxwebhu ukubonisa ukuba umbutho ukhonza uluntu kwaye uyafaneleka ukuba ungahlawuli rhafu. Wakuba ugqibile loo miqobo, ungangena kumsebenzi wokwenyani—ukuqokelela imali, ukwakha iqela, kunye nokwenza impembelelo entle. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde indlela yokuqalisa intlangano engenzi nzuzo ephumelelayo ngamanyathelo alithoba anempembelelo.
Zithini ii-nonprofit, kwaye zithini iingenelo zazo?
I-nonprofit lishishini elenzelwe ukufeza injongo engaphaya kokwenza imali. Ngokusemthethweni, yintlangano i-IRS eyiqaphela njengengahlawuli rhafu kuba ixhasa injongo yoluntu enceda uluntu. Cinga ngezinto ezinje ngokugcina imbali, ukwenza uphando lwesayensi, ukukhusela izilwanyana, okanye ukukhulisa uqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni.
Nayiphi na imali engeniswa zimibutho engenzi nzuzo iya ngqo kumsebenzi wayo, hayi abantu ngabanye okanye abaninizabelo. Abantu bakwabiza ii-non-profit corporations okanye imibutho ye-501(c)(3), kuxhomekeke kwicandelo elithile lekhowudi yerhafu elibanika imeko yabo yokungahlawuli rhafu.
Nazi ezinye iingenelo zokuqala intlangano engenzi nzuzo:
Lo mbutho ungafumana imeko yokungahlawuli irhafu karhulumente, oko kuthetha ukuba abanini abayi kunyanzeleka ukuba bahlawule irhafu karhulumente kwingeniso yabo.
Iinkampani ezingenzi nzuzo nazo zingafanelekela ukukhutshelwa irhafu kwindawo nakwiphondo.
Abanini bemibutho engenzi nzuzo banokufumana iminikelo evela kubantu nakwezinye imibutho ukunceda ekuxhaseni umsebenzi wabo.
Abanini bangafaka izicelo zezibonelelo ezivela kwiiarhente zikarhulumente kunye neziseko, ezinokunika inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kulo msebenzi.
Kwelinye icala, imibutho engenzi nzuzo ayizizo ezingenazo iingxaki. Abanini kufuneka basebenzele uluntu kuphela, kungekhona ukuzuzisa abaninizabelo okanye abantu abazimeleyo. Imibutho engenzi nzuzo kufuneka ibambe iintlanganiso zebhodi rhoqo, ityale imali kwakhona nayiphi na inzuzo kumbutho, kwaye igcine iirekhodi zemali ezineenkcukacha ukuze igcine imeko yayo yokungahlawuli rhafu.
Amanyathelo ali-9 okunceda ukuqalisa intlangano engenzi nzuzo ephumelelayo
Inyathelo 1: Yakha isiseko esomeleleyo
Ngaphambi kokuba ujongane namaphepha kunye nokufaka izicelo kwiingcali zerhafu, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela uluntu okanye iqela eliza kuncedwa yimibutho engenzi nzuzo. Ukuchonga imfuneko ethile kuluntu kunye nokuyixhasa ngedatha yindlela eqinileyo yokuqala ukwakha isiseko semibutho engenzi nzuzo.
Ingxelo yenjongo ecacileyo neyilwe kakuhle iqhubela phambili intlangano engenzi nzuzo kwaye ikhuthaza abasebenzi, amavolontiya, kunye nabaxhasi. Xa yenziwe ngendlela eyiyo, igcina umbutho ugxile kwaye inceda ekukhokeleni izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokubhala ingxelo yenjongo eqinileyo:
● Yigcine icacile, ilula, kwaye kulula ukuyikhumbula.
● Cacisa into eyenziwa yi-nonprofit kunye nesizathu esixhasayo ngesivakalisi esinye okanye ezibini.
● Khumbula, injongo yombutho inokuguquka njengoko umbutho ukhula.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Yakha isicwangciso seshishini esiqinileyo
Isicwangciso seshishini esineenkcukacha zentlangano engenzi nzuzo siya kunceda abanini baqonde ukuba ingakanani imali elindelekileyo ukuba intlangano yabo iyingenise kunye noko banokukwazi ukukuhlawula—njengokuqesha abasebenzi endaweni yokuthembela kumavolontiya okanye nokuqesha umongameli okanye i-CEO. Ikwabonisa ukuba baya kuyidinga kangakanani iminikelo ukuxhasa imisebenzi yabo yokwenza ingeniso.
Isicwangciso seshishini esiqinileyo siya kuquka oku kulandelayo:
Isishwankathelo esiphezulu: Isishwankathelo esifutshane somsebenzi we-nonprofit, isishwankathelo sophando lwemarike olubonisa imfuno yoluntu, kunye nendlela i-nonprofit eceba ngayo ukuhlangabezana naloo mfuno.
Iinkonzo kunye nefuthe: Ukujonga nzulu iinkqubo, iinkonzo, okanye iimveliso eziza kunikezelwa yintlangano kunye nenkcazo ecacileyo yeenjongo zayo zokudala utshintsho oluhle.
Isicwangciso sokuThengisa: Isicwangciso sokusasaza iindaba malunga ne-nonprofit kunye neenkonzo zayo.
Isicwangciso sokusebenza: Uhlalutyo lwemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, kuquka ulwakhiwo lombutho kunye noko kuza kufezwa yindima nganye.
Isicwangciso semali: Esi sicwangciso sihlola impilo yoqoqosho yomnini, kubandakanya ukuhamba kwemali, uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, ingeniso, iindleko, imithombo yengeniso, iimfuno zokuqalisa ishishini, kunye neendleko eziqhubekayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke, jonga ukuba eminye imibutho ijongana nemiba efanayo na. Le nhlangano ingenzi nzuzo iya kukhuphisana nabanikeli abafanayo kunye nezibonelelo ukuba elinye iqela lenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Ukuze kuthintelwe oku, abanini banokusebenzisa isixhobo sokufumana indawo seBhunga leSizwe leeNzuzo ukuze babone ezinye iinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba injongo iyacaca.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Khetha igama elifanelekileyo
Into elandelayo ekufuneka abanini bayenze kukukhetha igama elahlukileyo lenkampani yabo engenzi nzuzo, into ebonakalisa injongo kunye noko kwenziwa yintlangano. Ukuba banamathele ekufumaneni igama elifanelekileyo, banokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuvelisa amagama eshishini (njengemodeli yeShopify) ukuvuselela iingcinga nokwenza izinto zibe nomtsalane.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Gqiba ngesakhiwo seshishini
I-IRS iyazazi iintlobo ezimalunga nama-30 zeenkampani ezingenzi nzuzo, ezigubungela yonke into ukusuka kwimibutho yesisa eqhelekileyo ukuya kwiitrasti zezibonelelo zabasebenzi bemigodi yamalahle kunye neengxowa-mali zomhlalaphantsi zootitshala. Nazi iintlobo ezine eziqhelekileyo zeenkampani ezingenzi nzuzo:
1. 501(c)(3): Imibutho yesisa
Olu didi luquka imibutho eyahlukeneyo yenkolo, yemfundo, yesisa, yesayensi, kunye neyoncwadi. Lukwabandakanya nemibutho yoluntu yesisa, imibutho yabucala, kwanemibutho yezemidlalo yabaqalayo eququzelela imincintiswano yesizwe okanye yamazwe ngamazwe.
Umthetho i-501(c)(3) ungabandakanya nomxhasi wezemali, onceda ekulawuleni nasekuxhaseni iiprojekthi zesisa. Le mibutho yesisa kufuneka ikhonze uluntu ngandlela thile, kwaye iminikelo enikelwa kuyo inokutsalwa irhafu kumxhasi.
2. 501(c)(5): Imibutho yabasebenzi, yezolimo, neyezolimo
Imibutho yabasebenzi, njengemibutho yabasebenzi kunye namaqela ezolimo, idla ngokuwela kolu didi. Igxila ekumeleni izilangazelelo zabasebenzi kunye neengxoxo ezidibeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, iminikelo kule mibutho ayitsalwa irhafu.
3. 501(c)(7): Iiklabhu zentlalo nezokuzonwabisa
Olu didi lugubungela iiklabhu zentlalo nezolonwabo ezimiselwe ukonwaba nokuzonwabisa kwamalungu azo. Imizekelo ibandakanya iiklabhu zasemaphandleni, amaqela okuzonwabisa, iiklabhu zemidlalo, kunye nee-fraternities. Ukongeza, iminikelo kwezi klabhu ayitsalwa irhafu.
4. 501(c)(9): Imibutho yabaxhamli babasebenzi
Ezi mibutho ingenzi nzuzo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezifana ne-inshurensi yezempilo kunye neepenshini. Cinga ngemibutho elawula izicwangciso ze-inshurensi yabasebenzi kunye neenzuzo. Zibonelela ngokhuseleko lobomi, ukugula, kunye neengozi kumalungu azo, ngokuqhelekileyo abasebenzi benkampani okanye iqela elithile.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Yakha intlangano engenzi nzuzo ngokusemthethweni
Nje ukuba abanini benze izigqibo ezibalulekileyo baze babhale amaxwebhu afunekayo, lixesha lokufaka ngokusemthethweni intlangano engenzi nzuzo engahlawuli rhafu. Nangona ilizwe ngalinye linenkqubo yalo, ngokubanzi, abanini kuya kufuneka:
● Faka amanqaku okubhaliswa kwenkampani aquka igama lombutho.
● Nika iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano zamalungu ebhodi.
● Khetha ulwakhiwo olusemthethweni (inkampani engenzi nzuzo, i-LLC, intsebenziswano, njl.njl.).
● Ngenisa amaphepha okubhalisa kwi-ofisi kanobhala welizwe.
● Gcwalisa ubhaliso lokucela uncedo kwiphondo labo uze uhlawule nayiphi na imali.
● Faka isicelo sokungahlawuliswa irhafu kwi-IRS.
Uninzi lwemibutho lusebenzisa iFomu ye-IRS 1023 (ifomu ende) ukufaka isicelo semeko yokungahlawuli rhafu. Ukuba intlangano engenzi nzuzo ilindele ukufumana imali engaphantsi kwe-US $50,000 ngonyaka, abanini banokufanelekela ifomu elula ye-1023-EZ. Ukuba i-IRS iyasamkela isicelo, abanini baya kufumana ileta yokumisela ukuqinisekisa imeko yabo yokungahlawuli rhafu evunyiweyo.
Inyathelo lesi-6: Fumana i-EIN kwaye uvule i-akhawunti yebhanki
Ukuze ufumane iNombolo yoLwazi loMqeshi (i-EIN), gcwalisa iFomu ye-IRS i-SS-4. Abanini bangayifumana le fomu kwi-intanethi, ngeposi, okanye ngefeksi. Emva koko, banokuyithumela kwi-IRS.
Okulandelayo, abanini bemibutho engenzi nzuzo banokuvula iakhawunti yebhanki. Baza kuyidinga i-EIN yabo, igama lombutho, idilesi, kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano. Nazi ezinye zeebhanki eziphambili zemibutho engenzi nzuzo, ngokutsho kweNerdWallet:
● Iklabhu yokuBoleka
● I-Bluevine
● Ibhanki yaseMelika
● Ibhanki ye-Oak ephilayo
Inyathelo lesi-7: Khetha ibhodi yabalawuli
Ubungakanani kunye nokwakheka kwebhodi kuya kuxhomekeka kwimithetho yelizwe kunye nemithetho yombutho. Ngokwesiqhelo, iibhodi zinamalungu aphakathi kwamathathu nama-31, uninzi lwawo luzimele, nto leyo ethetha ukuba azibandakanyeki ngokuthe ngqo nombutho.
Amalungu ebhodi adlala indima ebalulekileyo: ukuqesha nokongamela umlawuli ophetheyo, ukuvuma uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, nokuqinisekisa ukuba umbutho uhlala uthembekile kumsebenzi wawo. Nje ukuba abanini babe namalungu ambalwa ebhodi, kufuneka bawavotele ngexesha lentlanganiso, ingakumbi ukuba umbutho unamalungu.
Emva kokuba ibhodi imiselwe, abanini banokukhetha amagosa, kuquka umongameli, usekela mongameli, unobhala, kunye nomgcinimafa. Ezi ndima zihlala ixesha elingangonyaka, kwaye amagosa anoxanduva lokuqhuba iintlanganiso zebhodi nokuqinisekisa ukuba izigqibo ziyaphunyezwa.
Inyathelo lesi-8: Yila imithetho yedolophu kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokungqubana kwezilangazelelo
Imithetho yenkampani engenzi nzuzo ibeka imithetho yendlela eqhuba ngayo umbutho, indlela eza kwenza ngayo izigqibo, ukukhetha amagosa, kunye nokubamba iintlanganiso zebhodi. Ngokufanayo, imigaqo-nkqubo yokungqubana kwezilangazelelo iqinisekisa ukuba amagosa, amalungu ebhodi, kunye nabasebenzi abayisebenzisi le nkampani engenzi nzuzo ukuze bazuze. Ibhodi inoxanduva lokuvuma le migaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala ihlaziyiwe.
Inyathelo lesi-9: Qalisa iphulo lokuqokelela imali
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, intlangano engenzi nzuzo iya kufuna isicwangciso esiqinileyo sokuqokelela imali kunye nokuba iza kuvela phi. Ukuba abanini abanayo inkxaso-mali eqinileyo kwasekuqaleni, kuya kuba nzima ukuba umbutho wabo uhlale ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba uqalise. Ezinye iindlela ezinokwenzeka zokufumana inkxaso-mali ziquka izibonelelo kunye nee-startup accelerators.
Ukuqukumbela
Nje ukuba abanini bemibutho engenzi nzuzo bavunyiwe onke amaxwebhu abo asemthethweni kwaye umthombo wenkxaso-mali uqinisekisiwe, banokuqhubeka nokuqaliswa kwabo ngokusemthethweni. Kodwa oko akupheleli apho. Abanini bemibutho engenzi nzuzo kufuneka bathengise ukuqaliswa kwabo kubo bonke abaxhasi abanokubakho.
Nangona ukudala intlangano engenzi nzuzo ephumelelayo kuza kuthatha ixesha elithile, isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokuthengisa sinokunceda ekwenzeni inkqubo ibe lula. Umzekelo, imibutho engenzi nzuzo ekhawulezayo inokufikelela kubanikeli bayo abanokubakho, kokukhona amathuba ayo okuphumelela angcono ngaphaya kokuqaliswa kokuqala. Imibutho engenzi nzuzo inokuba ngumsebenzi omninzi, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iyabafanele abantu abanethemba lokwenza umahluko.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Oktobha-11-2024
